Methods and means of chemical analysis and research of substances and materials / Laboratory structure of aqueous solutions
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Description
Main areas of workDielectric spectroscopy and radio-brightness parameters of water systems on cm and mm waves.
The structure of aqueous solutions of electrolytes, non-electrolytes and polyelectrolytes. The study of hydrate (solvate) complexes and aggregates in different concentration areas according to experimental methods, quantum chemical calculations, the theory of dielectrics and computer simulation using molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo methods.
Connection of dielectric and structural-kinetic changes of water solutions with their macroscopic properties, homogeneous, heterogeneous equilibria, processes of phase separation, crystal growth and the production of materials.
The most significant results
A new structural-kinetic model of water has been developed, explaining its spectra in cm, mm and submm areas and the mechanism of hydrophobic hydration. A new remote method has been developed to study the properties of water and solutions by their brightness characteristics in mm-area. In the microwave dielectric study of 30 solutions of non-electrolytes and electrolytes in cm and mm ranges and temperature ranges, previously unknown laws of changes in hydration water in short times (10-11 seconds) were established. Static dielectric constants of concentrated salt solutions were found. A method is proposed for determining the structure of solvate complexes in solution (according to IR spectroscopy and quantum chemistry) and structural and energy criteria that are uniform for aqueous and non-aqueous systems are met by stable heteroassociates. New coordinates determined by the dielectric properties are introduced into the physicochemical analysis of water-salt systems. An extended non-empirical Debye-Hückel theory is proposed for calculating the activity coefficients of ions and water in a wide range of concentrations, taking into account the experimental static dielectric constants of solutions.
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